The glossary

ABRASH:
term that indicates the variation of intensity or tone of the same color of the fibers, in most cases generated by the inequality of the dyeing of the fibers used.

TREE OF THE SUN:
symbol of ancient origin.

TREE OF LIFE:
Eastern ornamental figure which represents fertility and prosperity. The symbol is often depicted in carpets used for prayer.

ALUM:
mixture of aluminum sulfate and potassium crystallized in the vitreous mass, which is used as a fixative for the dyeing of the fibers of the carpet.

APPLICATION:
decoration applied on the carpet by sewing; may be an element of fabric, leather, felt or metal plates.

ARABESQUE:
stylized floral design, typical of Arab, used as a decorative motif.

TAPESTRY:
decorative cloth made ??manually on the frame with silk, wool, gold and silver
cloth woven by hand on a frame.

ASMALYK:
ornamental fabric used to cover the sidewalls of the camel.

BAFF:
in the Persian language, the term is used to indicate the node.

BATF:
the Iranian language the word means “fabric”.

BOTHE ‘:
its meaning is “tuft of leaves” and a drawing of ancient origins is widely used in carpets as a decorative motif. Has an ovoid shape with the tip bent like a hook, which resembles a drop of water or an almond or a leaf or a flame.

BROCADE:
heavy silk fabric, carpets indicating the braiding threads of gold and silver in the warp and weft, thus forming the rings.

CAGIARINO:
term in Venice, in the fifteenth and sixteenth century, pointed out the carpets coming from Cairo.

FIELD:
is the central area of the carpet where it is represented the main reason. The field is bounded by the edges.

CORNER:
which means the design in the corners of the central field, which depicts the main reason of the carpet or is above the mihrab.

CARDING:
process to straighten and stretch the textile fibers, thus realizing the wick ready for spinning.

CHEVRON:
the term defines the decorative pattern made ??of several concentric V.

CHI-CHI:
decoration derived from China are represented in floating ribbons.

Ch’i-LIN:
decoration derived from China which shows a unicorn-like animal.

CICEKLI:
not knotted carpet, flat double-sided, Kilim, depicting floral designs.

CIMOSA:
this refers to the lateral edge of the carpet, also called the shortest edge, and with more dense and warp resistant.

COLUMN (carpet):
this refers to the carpets of Anatolia region of Turkey, with the columns supporting the mihrab.

Frame (carpet):
by this term is defined that part of the carpet which delimits the field; generally the frame is formed by two edges.

CORROSION:
the gradual deterioration that affects the colors dark brown and black, treated with fixatives containing iron.

Kufic:
this refers to the edge of the carpet pattern characterized by writing used by the Arabs in the seventh century to the seventh. The term comes from Cufa, a city of Mesopotamia, which had great importance for the development of Muslim culture.

DRAGON:
drawing of an animal fantasy, consisting of twelve shares representing as many animals in different styles. The design is used in Chinese and Caucasian carpets.

Elmali:
decorative pattern shaped pommel.

BE:
node “Persian” where the lead level runs once around the warp thread.

Findik (Findikli):
carpets particularly sensitive when small drawings are shown.

FINISHING:
work, which leads to complete and finish of the carpet, stopping the lower head and up to avoid fraying.

FLOCHE (Flösch):
term that identifies the synthetic rugs made ??with synthetic materials, synthetic fibers, etc..

FRINGE:
extension knotted at the ends of the carpet.

Garzare:
finishing operation which is carried out on wool fabrics to lift the hair and make it soft and shiny.

GERMETSH (GERMECH):
the term identifies the carpet which is placed in front of the input port, and which originally served to protect the house from dust and animals.

Ghiordes:
node “turkish” form where the wire twice around two neighboring warp strands. Type of Anatolian carpets.

GARDEN (carpet):
definition that identifies a patterned carpet in his field with a drawing of a Persian garden.

GUL:
means flower or pink and is the octagon that decorates the most carpets Turcomans: characteristic in carpets of Bukhara in which is repeated over the entire field, is realized in different ways depending on the tying zone. The “Gul” is also known as elephant’s foot.

Herati:
primary reason fioreale decorative oriental carpets, representing a central rosette enclosed in a diamond.

Holbein:
the term refers to a rug that recalls the paintings of the painter Hans likewise Hobein the Younger.

HORROR VACUI:
this refers to the rug is decorated in its entirety.

HU Tieh:
why China depicting a butterfly, a symbol of long life.

JUFTI:
double knot which is implemented on four or more warp chains.

Karakul:
this term indicates a high-quality silky wool that comes from sheep and fine young Asian long-haired and wavy. The skins of Astrachan come from the region of Samarkand and are used for the realization of carpets finer.

Karamanie:
term that identifies the Kilim carpets made ??in the region of Karaman. The term refers to a type of weaving called reversible, ie no difference between the obverse and the reverse.

KARKHANA:
factory state in which they are made ??carpets and other art objects.

KELLEY:
the term derives from the word kelleh meaning head and identifies a carpet whose length is almost equal to twice the width. The format presents elongated, of various sizes from cm 150/200 to 300/600 cm. The size of the carpet is named after the format used in Persia: a large central carpet mats with two long sides and a carpet of head.

KENAREH ‘:
derived from the word Kenar that means side and indicates the format of a long and narrow carpet having a width of about 1 meter and a length which can reach up to 250/500 meters. In Italy is commonly called lane or runner.

KILIM:
not knotted carpet, flat double-sided.

KIS:
rugs made ??for your wedding outfit by Turkish girls.

KORK:
type of fine wool, soft and silky, obtained combing sheep on his neck a few weeks during the winter.

MOSQUE LAMP:
ornamental symbol to indicate the direction of prayer carpets used for this purpose.

LAZY LINES:
lines present on antique rugs that indicate that the carpet was carried out by two or more weavers including one proceeds more slowly than the other.

Heald:
element of the frame that is used to raise and lower alternate warp threads.

LOT:
The term refers to a rug that recalls the paintings by Lorenzo Lotto.

STYLIZED HAND:
symbol of the five characters Islamic revered (Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Hosein).

MAZARLIK:
carpet that is used for burial, in which they occur repeatedly figures representing willows and cypresses.

MEDALLION:
chief ornament that holds a picture placed in the middle of the carpet.

MEDACHYL:
this refers to the edge of the carpet pattern characterized by two-colored teeth.

MEDIJDI:
the term refers to the carpet laying western-inspired designs.

Mihrab:
is a decoration of the prayer rug and depicts the niche identified in all the mosques as the Heaven’s Gate. Mihrab indicating the direction of Mecca, which is the direction of prayer.

MOHAIR:
textile fiber thin with long hair and shiny, originally derived from the wool of angora goats.

MORESCO:
artistic style in reference to the art and civilization of the Arabs in North Africa, Spain and Sicily.

MOCHTACHEM:
Kashan rugs of exceptional quality and beauty, from the period of the last quarter of the nineteenth century.

NODE:
is the essential part of a carpet and the decoration of the same form.

WARP:
set of strings stretched lengthwise on the frame, for breeding with the plot to form the fabric. Sull’ordito are fixed nodes.

PALAS:
the term refers to the Caucasian carpets Kilim worked with the technique to break loose.

HAIR:
identifies the thick covering the bottom surface of the carpet, consisting of the set of nodes. The hair is also defined “Vello”.

SAF:
identifies a carpet made ??for the purpose of collective prayer, with several mihrab.

Discoloration (the color of the carpet in the case of washing):
the term identifies the loss of brilliance of the color of the fibers of the carpet and in general is caused by a staining not appropriate or by a fastening insufficient.

SEHNA:
The term identifies a node used by Persian craftsmen.

SEJADEH:
the end of the Iranian language to indicate the size of two carpets Tsar (measure) that is indicative of the size 200/210 cm x 130/140 cm.

SHIRASI:
fabric strips or ornamental points for the reinforcement of the side edges of a carpet.

Sileh:
identifies a carpet caucasian with a drawing of a dragon, S-shaped, made ??with the plots wrapped.

SUMAK:
carpet the plot wound on the back of which are the residues of the weft threads. The term originates in the Russian Caucasus.

STELLA:
star motif representing a 4 or 6 or 8 or 12 points.

Tabachi:
This term is defined as the hair taken from dead animals.

FABRIC FLAT:
term for woven carpets and knotted.

PLOT:
is the set of strands of wool, cotton or silk are woven with the warp chains and set the nodes of the carpet

Ustad:
teacher who supervises the manufacture of the carpet.

VERNEH:
weaving technique similar to Sileh.

Yatak:
carpet on which you sleep by sleeping very high and made ??of coarse fabrics.

YASTIC :
means cushion and is a carpet of small size (80×50 cm)

ZAR:
Iranian unit that identifies the size of 105 cm (1 Tsar = 105 cm)

ZARONIM:
term used to define Iranian carpets of size 160 x 90 cm approx.